Senate Democrats Strike Deal to Speed-Up Federal Permits for Major Energy Projects

Department of Energy building in Washington, DC

Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV) and Democratic Senate leadership reached a side deal on federal energy permitting this week, separate from the larger reconciliation bill agreement addressing climate, taxes, and drug pricing reform. (PoliticoPro, One-page summary of agreement and Washington Post, Aug. 1)

Energy Permitting Provisions

  • An outline of the energy permitting agreement shows that an eventual bill would direct the President to designate and periodically update a list of at least 25 high-priority energy infrastructure projects and prioritize their approvals by federal agencies.
  • The agreement could lead to policies that accelerate federal approvals for long-distance transmission lines needed to help “clean the grid” and deliver renewable energy generated in rural areas to cities.
  • The agreement would also limit National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) reviews for major federal projects to two years, and one year for lower-impact projects. NEPA requires federal agencies to assess alternatives to their proposed actions that have lesser environmental impacts. (EPA fact sheet)
  • The Democratic senators agreed with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) that the permitting agreement could be added to a stopgap spending measure to fund the government after Sept. 30. (BGov, Aug. 3)
  • In May, the Biden administration released a Permitting Action Plan to strengthen and accelerate Federal permitting and environmental reviews. Another package of White House changes to permitting rules is expected later this year. (Roundtable Weekly, April 22 | White House news release, May 11 | BGov, Aug. 4).

Climate Financial Risk Tool

OFR Climate and Analytics Hub
  • The Treasury Department launched its Climate Data and Analytics Hub pilot, which aims to provide regulators with data, software and tools to gauge climate change risk to the financial system. (Treasury Department Fact Sheet)

Initial access to the pilot will be limited to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (FRB) and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (FRBNY), with the goal of expanding access to all of the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) member agencies.

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Proposed Carried Interest Provisions, Opposed by Real Estate Industry, Cut From Reconciliation Bill

Senator Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ) at RER's 2022 Spring MeetingProposed changes to the taxation of carried interest were cut from Senate Democrats’ broad Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) yesterday at the request of centrist Sen. Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ). The Roundtable and 14 other national real estate organizations wrote to all members of Congress on Aug. 3 in strong opposition to the measure. (Coalition letter, Aug. 3 | Wall Street Journal, Aug. 4 |Tax Notes, Aug. 5). Photo above: Sen. Sinema at The Roundtable’s 2022 Spring Meeting.

Vote on Revised Reconciliation Bill 

  • Sinema announced her decision in a statement released Thursday night, commenting she would “move forward” with the $790 billion reconciliation bill after removal of the carried interest provision—subject to the Senate Parliamentarian’s review of the revised bill.
  • Yesterday, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) announced that the chamber will begin consideration of the bill on Aug. 6, setting up a weekend process of around-the-clock votes on hundreds of amendments to the bill.
  • Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer commented today, “The wide-ranging climate measures in the revised bill include the most extensive clean energy investments ever considered by Congress—a positive step welcomed by the real estate industry. We are also pleased to see that carried interest provisions in the original version of the Inflation Reduction Act are out, since they would have clearly harmed the residential and commercial real estate industries, job creation and the economy.” 

Real Estate’s Carried Interest Opposition 

Construction mixed use real estate

  • The real estate coalition urged policymakers to preserve current carried interest law and detailed major concerns with the proposed changes to carried interest that were in the original IRA, brokered last week between Sens. Schumer and Joe Manchin (D-WV). (Coalition letter, Aug. 3 and Roundtable Weekly, July 29)
  • The Aug. 3 coalition letter noted, “The carried interest proposal would slow housing production, discourage the capital needed to reimagine buildings to meet post-pandemic business needs, hamper job creation and create an additional unknown in an already confusing economic environment.”
  • The real estate coalition letter concluded, “Now is not the time to impose a tax increase on the countless Americans who use partnerships to develop, own, and operate housing and other commercial real estate. We urge you to preserve current tax law as it relates to carried interest.” 

Senate Considers Changes 

Capitol 3 flags flying

  • Senate Democrats are making additional changes to the package, including adjusting the minimum tax on corporations and adding a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks. (New York Times, Aug. 4 and Punchbowl News, Aug. 5)
  • Before a final Senate vote can be held, the Senate Parliamentarian must ensure the bill complies with special budget reconciliation rules, which require provisions directly relate to spending and revenue—not policy.
  • One hurdle before the Parliamentarian is a clean energy tax credit that proposes a bonus incentive to developers who pay prevailing wages on certain projects. If it is determined to be a policy change, it will be dropped from the bill. (POLITICO Power Switch, Aug. 3)
  • A number of the IRA’s proposed revisions to the federal tax code could leverage greater private sector investments in clean energy building technologies, including:
    • A deduction to help make commercial and multifamily buildings more energy efficient (Section 179D),

    • A credit to encourage investments in renewable energy generation and other low carbon equipment such as solar panels, energy storage, and combined heat and power systems (Section 48), and

    • A credit to incentivize installations of EV charging stations (Section 30C). 

The Roundtable continues to work with its policy advisory committees and national real estate organization partners to assess how details in the bill language could impact CRE. These policies will be a focus of discussion during The Roundtable’s Sept. 20-21 Fall Meeting in Washington, DC. 

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Sens. Schumer and Manchin Agree on Reconciliation Bill With Carried Interest and Energy Efficiency Provisions

Sens. Joe Manchin and Chuck Schumer

An unexpected agreement announced Wednesday night between Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY), above right, and Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV), left, on a $790 billion reconciliation proposal includes $14 billion in increased taxes on carried interest and a 15% corporate minimum tax—in addition to $369 billion in climate spending that affects “clean energy” measures important to commercial real estate.

Senate Democrats are hoping to pass some version of the Schumer-Manchin language on a party-line vote before the upper chamber begins its summer recess on Aug. 8. (Senate Democrats’ joint statement and one-page bill summary, July 27 | Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, July 28)

Legislative Details

Reconciliation Bill - Roundtable Town Hall

  • Today, The Real Estate Roundtable held an all-member virtual town hall to discuss major provisions within the 725-page Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022. The Roundtable is working with its policy advisory committees and national real estate organization partners to assess how details in the bill language could impact CRE.
     
  • Real Estate Roundtable President Jeffrey DeBoer stated, “The Roundtable is engaged with policymakers and Capitol Hill staff on the potential impact of the proposed bill on real estate capital formation, economic growth, clean energy investments, and affordable housing development. The industry is working together to mitigate any negative consequences for CRE before policymakers hold an eventual vote on a final bill.”

Taxes & Clean Energy

Capitol side bright

  • The IRA’s largest tax increase is a new 15% corporate minimum tax on businesses with profits over $1B whose reported book income exceeds reported taxable income. The measure is estimated to raise $313B. The package also includes protections that would preserve the value of the low-income housing tax credit for investors (typically large banks) that use the credit to reduce their effective tax rate.
  • The smallest tax increase would raise $14B in revenue by extending the capital gains holding period requirement for carried interest from 3 years to 5 years, although there is an exemption for real estate. Additionally, there are technical reforms to the holding period rules for measuring the 3- or 5-year holding period. (Deloitte Tax News & Views, July 29)
  • The carried interest holding period change includes a real estate exception for gain associated with assets used in a real property trade or business. The language in the IRA on carried interest is identical to text in the House Ways and Means Committee’s previous reconciliation bill last year—language that was dropped from the version that passed the full House. (Roundtable Weekly, Sept. 17, 2021)
  • The Schumer-Manchin agreement also proposes significant reforms to Section 179D—the tax code’s main provision to incentivize energy efficient commercial buildings. The 179D reforms are geared to encourage more existing building “retrofits” although maximum incentives amounts depend on compliance with heightened wage and labor standards.
  • Tax incentives are also included to encourage investments in solar panels, energy storage, and EV charging stations. (See Summary of the bill’s Energy Security and Climate Change Investments)

Timeline

DC night iconic buildings moon

  • There are several challenges to the Senate Democrats’ timeline for passage of the bill in early August. 
  • Senate Democrats need all 50 members of their caucus present for an eventual budget reconciliation vote, along with Vice President Kamala Harris to break an anticipated tie with 50 Republicans. Yet Covid-19 infections have caused recent absences. (The Hill, July 28) 
  • The bill was sent to Senate Parliamentarian Elizabeth MacDonough to see if it conforms with reconciliation budget rules, a process that will spill over into next week. (BGov, July 29)
  • Arizona Democratic Senator Kyrsten Sinema is a key centrist vote, considering she has long opposed changes to the taxation of carried interest. Sinema’s spokesperson Hannah Hurley said yesterday that the Senator is “reviewing the text and will need to review what comes out of the parliamentarian process.” (BGov, July 29) 

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Economic Uncertainty Follows Inflation and Interest Rate Increases

Fed Reserve building close-up

This week’s flurry of key economic data offered mixed signals about the state of the economy and whether the Federal Reserve’s interest rate increases can slow inflation without causing a significant increase in unemployment—a “soft landing” that could prevent a full-blown recession before the mid-term elections. (The Hill, July 28)

Economic Slowdown & Inflation

  • POLITICO described the week as a “Category 5 storm of economic news.” Developments included a drop in the consumer confidence index for the third straight month; an increase in the Fed funds rate by another 75 basis points; and a drop in the gross domestic product (GDP) at an annual rate of 0.9 percent.
  • Additionally, the Commerce Department reported today that the personal consumption expenditures price index (PCE)—a key inflation gauge closely tracked by the Fed—rose 1.0% increase last month and increased 6.8% since last June, the largest spike since January 1982. (Reuters and CNBC, July 29)
  • President Biden responded, “It’s no surprise that the economy is slowing down as the Federal Reserve acts to bring down inflation.” (White House statement, July 28)
  • Fed Chair Jerome Powell commented after the increase in interest rates. “I do not think the U.S. is currently in a recession. And the reason is there are just too many areas of the economy that are performing too well. The labor market has remained extremely tight, with the unemployment rate near a 50-year low, job vacancies near historical highs, and wage growth elevated. We think there’s a path for us to be able to bring inflation down while sustaining a strong labor market.” (Federal Reserve press conference transcript, July 27)
  • The recent rise in interest rates are starting to hamper commercial real estate transactions and valuesThe Wall Street Journal reported on July 26 that “banks are lending less and charging higher interest rates for the loans they make to owners and buyers of office buildings, shopping centers and other commercial real estate.”

GDP & Jobs

National Bureau of Economic Research logo

  • Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen yesterday addressed this week’s drop in GDP. “Most economists and most Americans have a similar definition of recession: a broad-based weakening of our economy. That is not what we’re seeing right now.” She added, “Job creation is continuing, household finances remain strong, consumers are spending, and businesses are growing.” (Treasury Department press conference transcript, July 28)
  • Two straight quarters of economic contraction is usually considered a “technical” recession. Yet The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBR), as the official designator of recessions, has not released a decision yet based on the recent economic data. NBR bases its analysis of a wide variety of economic indicators such as employment, personal income, durable goods, housing permits, and other factors. (The Washington Post, July 27 and CNBC, July 26)
  • White House economist Brian Deese commented on NBR and this week’s economic data on CNBC yesterday. “We’re certainly in a transition and we are seeing slowing as we all would have expected,” Deese said, “but if you look at the full data and the type of data that NBR looks at, nothing signals that this period in the second quarter is recessionary in the labor market.” (CNBC, July 28)

Roundtable Chair John F. Fish on Bloomberg Markets

Roundtable Chair John F. Fish (Chairman & CEO, Suffolk), above, was interviewed July 27 on Bloomberg Markets: Americas about current economic conditions and real estate. He commented on the industry’s challenges, including fractious land use policy, supply shortages, and cost drivers. National economic conditions affecting CRE and the Fed’s monetary policies will be a focus during The Roundtable’s Fall Meeting on Sept. 21-22 in Washington, DC.

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New Treasury Guidance Allows Greater Flexibility in Using COVID-19 Rescue Funds for Affordable Housing

Housing construction

The Biden administration issued new guidance this week that gives local and state governments greater flexibility when using their share of $350 billion in COVID-19 federal relief funds for affordable housing. The changes are in line with the administration’s recent Housing Supply Action Plan, which aims to boost the supply of affordable housing in communities throughout the nation. (Treasury Dept. news release, July 27 and Roundtable Weekly, May 20)

Expanded Use of Pandemic Funds

How-To Guide

How-To Guide Treasury and HUD cover

  • Treasury and the Department of Housing and Urban Development have also jointly published a “How-To” Guide to show governments ways of combining pandemic aid with other sources of federal funding.
  • According to the guide, recipients of Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) can “acquire properties that will be transitioned into affordable housing for households that experienced the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. This could include acquisition of market rate rental properties, motels, or commercial properties that will be converted to affordable housing, or acquisition and preservation of publicly supported affordable housing.”
  • SLFRF may also be used to “finance retrofits and weatherization of properties to improve energy efficiency, potentially by leveraging new federal funding such as the Department of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program, or infrastructure resources.”
  • Over the coming months, Treasury plans to conduct a series of webinars and briefings with states, local governments, nonprofits, and private sector entities involved in the development and preservation of affordable housing.

Multifamily Response

  • The National Multifamily Housing Council (NMHC) and National Apartment Association (NAA) applauded the flexibility provided by the new guidance.
  • NMHC also unveiled new research this week showing the need for the U.S. to produce 4.3 million more apartments by 2035 to address the underbuilding of housing after the 2008 financial crisis.

In conjunction with the study’s release, the website www.WeAreApartments.org breaks down the data by each state and 50 key metro areas.

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Proposed NASAA Rules Target REIT Guidelines, May Impact Real Estate Capital Formation

NASAA logo border

The North American Securities Administrators Association (NASAA) is seeking public comment on proposed revisions to its Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts. The July 12 proposal would update the conduct standards for brokers selling non-traded REITs with references to the SEC’s Best Interest conduct standard. (NASAA news release, July 12 and Investment News, July 25)

Proposed Changes

  1. Update the conduct standards for brokers selling non-traded REITs by supplementing the suitability section with references to the SEC’s best interest conduct standard.
  2. Update to the individual net income and net worth requirements—up to (a) $95,000 minimum annual gross income and $95,000 minimum net worth, or (b) a minimum net worth of $340,000—in the suitability section, by adjusting upward to account for inflation since 2007.
  3. Add a uniform concentration limitation prohibiting an aggregate investment in the issuer, its affiliates, and other non-traded direct participation programs that exceeds 10% of the purchaser’s liquid net worth. Liquid net worth would be defined as that component of an investor’s net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. [NOTE: There is no carve out for accredited or other sophisticated investors.]
  4. Include, in multiple sections, a new prohibition against using gross offering proceeds to fund distributions, “a controversial product feature used by some non-traded REIT sponsors . . . having the potential to confuse and mislead retail investors.”

Potential Impact

Chicago skyward

  • The proposed revisions have the potential to influence other sets of NASAA Guidelines under development, including those for Asset-Backed Securities, Commodity Pools, Equipment Leasing, Mortgage Programs and Real Estate Programs other than REITs. (NASAA Request for Public Comment, July 12)
  • NASAA works to coordinate state regulation of broker-dealers, investment advisers and securities offerings—including non-traded REITs, which are publicly offered REITs not listed on any exchange.
  • NASAA’s Corporation Finance Section Committee Chair and Ohio Securities Commissioner Andrea Seidt said, “The REIT guidelines have not been updated for more than 15 years and these revisions are long overdue. If adopted, the proposed revisions will make key inflationary adjustments to existing suitability standards and promote uniformity in state concentration limits, both of which are key to limiting retail investor risk.” (NASAA news release, July 12)

Final comments on NASAA’s 44-page request are due by Aug. 11, 2022. The Real Estate Roundtable is working with several other organizations on a coalition response. Roundtable members can direct their comments and questions to Roundtable Senior Vice President Chip Rodgers or call 202-639-8400.

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Small-Business Owners Descend on Capitol Hill to Urge SBA Reauthorization, CRE Leaders Address Market Conditions

Goldman Sachs 10k Businesses

Over 2,500 small-business owners gathered on Capitol Hill this week to meet with more than 400 lawmakers and federal officials to urge reauthorization of the Small Business Administration (SB) for the first time in over 20 years. Small businesses throughout the nation are facing inflationary pressures, supply chain shortages, labor challenges, limited access to capital and a looming possibility of recession. (The Hill, July 20) 

10,000 Small Businesses 

  • The business owners urged lawmakers to modernize the SBA, enact tax credits and provide incentives to help small businesses retain workers and access capital.
  • Sens. Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ) and Tim Scott (R-SC) commented on Tuesday during the summit that the SBA should be simplified and supported reauthorization. (The Hill, July 20)
  • Joe Wall, director of Goldman Sachs’s small-business program, said, “Our goal this week is to generate a lot of momentum so that heading into next year it’s a real priority.” (The Hill, July 20)

Owner Challenges

Goldman Sachs 10,000 Businesses survey

  • A recent survey of the program’s participants shows 93 percent of small-business owners are worried about the US economy experiencing a recession in the next 12 months. Nearly all respondents (97 percent) also say inflationary pressures have increased or remained the same compared with three months ago. Additionally, 88 percent of respondents say it is important for Congress to prioritize the Small Business Administration (SBA), which has not happened in 20 years. (Survey news release, July 13) 
  • Alumni of the 10,000 Small Businesses program collectively represent over $17.3 billion in revenues and employ 245,000 people. 

Industry Views

Marty Burger, far right, interviewed on CNBC's Squawk on the Street

Dr. Linneman commented that inflation is transitory with supply lagging demand due to 23% of the workforce collecting unemployment insurance. He also offers his views on national debt concerns, the Fed and interest rates, and return-to-the-office concerns. (Watch “The Best Hour in CRE” with Economist Peter Linneman, July 21)

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The Fed Requests Comments on Proposal to Implement LIBOR Transition

The Federal Reserve

The Federal Reserve Board on July 19 invited comment on a proposal that implements the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act, which Congress enacted last year. The LIBOR Act provides a safe harbor for market participants who need to switch existing LIBOR-referencing financial contracts to a replacement benchmark for debt instruments before LIBOR reaches its final replacement date on June 30, 2023. (The Fed’s Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, July 19 and Roundtable Weekly, March 11)

LIBOR and CRE
  • LIBOR, formerly known as the London Interbank Offered Rate, is the interest rate benchmark that was the dominant reference rate used in recent decades and remains in extensive use today in outstanding financial contracts — including commercial real estate debt, mortgages, student loans and derivatives — worth an estimated $223 trillion. (Roundtable Weekly, Dec. 10, 2021)
  • The LIBOR Act also provides that all contracts with no adequate fallback provisions for an alternative benchmark substitute will be replaced by the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR).
  • The Real Estate Roundtable and 17 national trade groups submitted letters last year on April 14 and July 27 to policymakers in support of measures to address “tough legacy” contracts during the transition away from LIBOR. (Roundtable Weekly, Dec. 10, 2021)

What’s Next

LIBOR document with border

  • The Federal Reserve is working to mitigate potential risks and promote a smooth global transition away from LIBOR with both domestic and foreign supervisors. The Fed has emphasized the importance of preparation and transitioning to the market to ensure that supervised institutions can transition away from LIBOR. (The Fed Libor Transition webpage)

The Roundtable welcomes comments from its members on the proposed rulemaking and plans to work with its Real Estate Capital Policy Advisory Committee (RECPAC) on a response. For any questions, please contact The Roundtable’s Senior Vice President Chip Rodgers or call 202-639-8400.

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Senate Finance Committee Focuses on Low-Income Housing Tax Credit and Other Affordable Housing Incentives

Senate Finance Committee

Numerous congressional committees have recently addressed the nation’s scarcity of affordable housing—including this week’s Senate Finance Committee hearing, “The Role of Tax Incentives in Affordable Housing,” which focused on the Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) and other legislative incentives. 

Tax Focus 

  • Senate Finance Chairman Ron Wyden (D-OR), Ranking Member Mike Crapo (R-ID) and several witnesses expressed support during the hearing for the Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act (S.1136), introduced by committee member Maria Cantwell (D-WA). The bill would expand and strengthen the LIHTC.
  • The bill (detailed summary here) would expand the pool of tax credits that are allocated to states for new affordable housing, make it easier to combine LIHTC with other sources of capital like private activity bonds, and facilitate LIHTC rehab projects. (Tax Notes, July 21)

Dana Wade, Walker & Dunlop

  • Hearing witness Dana Wade—an executive at Walker & Dunlop and a former commissioner of the Federal Housing Administration (above)—noted that 25 percent of all renters spend more than half of their monthly income on rent. Wade also testified extensively about the causes of the housing affordability crisis.
  • “An estimated 40 percent of development costs can be attributed to regulation at the federal, state, and local levels,” testified Wade. “Zoning policies like density limits, requirements for parking, height restrictions, lengthy permitting and approval processes, and other land-use restrictions create a perfect storm that can often stymie new development.”
  • One of the largest multifamily lenders and LIHTC syndicators in the country, Walker & Dunlop is chaired and managed by Roundtable Member Willy Walker.

Jeffrey DeBoer Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO

  • “Overly restrictive land-use and zoning policies, construction cost increases, and labor shortages are deepening our housing challenges, which now extend across the entire country,” said Real Estate Roundtable President and CEO Jeffrey DeBoer (above). “Government at all levels needs to be part of the solution, not part of the problem. The Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act would be an important step forward.”
  • The future of S. 1136 is uncertain after key centrist Sen. Joe Manchin recently said he would not support any legislative package that included tax increases until more economic data affecting the 40-year high inflation rate becomes available. Chairman Wyden did not promise a timetable for committee action. (Roundtable Weekly, July 15) 

Congressional Hearings 

The Roundtable’s Real Estate Capital Policy Advisory Committee (RECPAC) has formed an Affordable Housing Working Group, which is working with the Research Committee to develop proposals on expanding the nation’s housing infrastructure. 

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Democrats Focus on Pared-Down Reconciliation Bill, Biden Takes Action on Climate

US Capitol

Democrats scaled down their ambitions for a budget reconciliation bill in the wake of Sen. Joe Manchin’s (D-WV) recent rejection of any climate and tax legislative package. Instead, congressional Democrats this week focused on a limited prescription drug pricing and health care subsidy bill as President Biden announced executive actions to make progress on climate initiatives. (Roundtable Weekly, July 15 and New York Times, July 20)

Senate Democrats Pivot

  • Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) said this week that Democrats are moving forward on a smaller party-line package before the Senate summer recess begins on August 5. Policymakers are also mindful that budget reconciliation rules expire on Sept. 30 as the November mid-term elections approach. (AP, July 19 and July 15)
  • Roundtable Tax Policy Advisory Committee Member Russ Sullivan (Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP) profiles the steps and timeline involved to produce a reconciliation bill in his article, “How Likely is it that we see a Reconciliation Law Passed in this Congress?” (JD Supra, July 12)

White House Climate Action

President Biden speech on Climate

  • Biden’s executive actions “to turn the climate crisis into an opportunity” fell short of declaring a federal emergency, which would have unlocked broad federal powers to develop clean energy. (Wall Street Journal and White House fact sheet, July 20)

  • With climate legislation stalled in Congress, and constrained by a recent SCOTUS ruling that restricts the EPA’s ability to regulate greenhouse gases, Biden’s actions to increase offshore wind capacity and help communities cope with extreme heat have been described as “incremental” and “minuscule compared to his ambitious plan” for a net-zero emissions economy by 2050. (Wall Street Journal and POLITICO, July 20)
  • Given the limited federal response, Biden stressed that governors, mayors, state agency heads, and public utility commissioners—as well as developers—need “to stand up and be part of the solution.” (President Biden remarks and video, July 20)

Trends in CRE, the congressional agenda, and the upcoming lame-duck session of Congress after the mid-term elections will be among the topics discussed during The Roundtable’s Fall Meeting on Sept. 20-21 in Washington, DC.

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